analog of lidocaine, but with reduced first-pass metabolism.

used for treatment of ventricular arrhythmias

suitable for oral administration, but RARELY USED due to possibly fatal bone marrow aplasia and pulmonary fibrosis.

similar electrophysiologically to lidocaine

tremor and nausea are major dose-related adverse side effects

excreted by the kidney, accordingly dose should be reduced in patients with renal disease.

Combination with quinidine may increase efficacy and diminish adverse effects.