The vapor pressure of water at 25 degrees C is about 24 mm Hg. Furthermore the heat of vaporization is 40.7 kJ/mole. What would be the vapor pressure of water at 97 degrees C.?
24.48 mmHg
407 mm Hg
588 mmHg
760 mmHg
Another relationship which we will apply shortly to anesthetics would be the case in which we want to find out the heat of vaporization for a liquid, but we only know the vapor pressure at two different temperatures. For this example the vapor pressure at 45 degrees C. is 100 mm Hg and the vapor pressure at 25 degrees C. is 46 mm Hg. What would the heat of vaporization be?
10.56 kJ/mole
30.56 kJ/mole
22.4 kJ/mole
76 kJ/mole
8.3 kJ/mole
In this example we again only know the vapor pressure at two different temperatures and want to find the heat of vaporization. We'll pick the anesthetic agent enflurane (Ethrane). The vapor pressure at 20 degrees C. is 175 mm Hg and the vapor pressure at 36 degrees C. is 345 mm Hg. What would be the heat of vaporization?
15.26 kJ/mole
20.43 kJ/mole
31.87 kJ/mole
76 kJ/mole
8.31 kJ/mole
The anesthetic agent is desflurane (Suprane). The vapor pressure at 20 degrees C. is 669 mm Hg, whereas the vapor pressure at 22 degrees C is 731 mm Hg. What would be the heat of vaporization?
25 kJ/mole
24.7 kJ/mole
118.39 kJ/mole
57.3 kJ/mole
293 kJ/mole
The problem is how to determine the cost of administration of an anesthetic gas. As we will see, a number factors will influence the cost; however, we will initially focused on sevoflurane (Sevorane, Ultane) which we will say has a cost of about $178/250 ml bottle or $0.71/cc. Furthermore, the average administration will be 1% anesthetic [MAC for sevoflurane (Sevorane, Ultane) is about 1.8%] and the fresh gas flow (diluent) is 5 l/minute. The last thing we need to consider in this approximation is that the operating room temperature will be considered to be about 20 oC.
$3/hr
$6/hr
$12/hr
$24/hr
$60/hr
Let's suppose that you are carrying a bottle of sevoflurane (Sevorane, Ultane), which contains 250cc of pure liquid. In the operating room you drop the bottle and it breaks. Should you be concerned that the operating room personnel will be anesthetized as a result of liberation of this quantity of sevoflurane (Sevorane, Ultane)?
yes
no
In this problem you have to take a mechanically ventilated patient from the intensive care setting to obtain an MRI. You leave the ICU within oxygen tank (E cylinder, which has a volume of 4.4L) which is pressurized to 2200 psi and starts out full. The fresh gas flow is set to 8.2L/minute and it takes you 20 minutes to transport the patient to the MR. The gas cylinder of course is left outside the room with the superconducting magnet; however, unfortunately, the cylinder valve was not closed and gas remained flowing at 8.2 L/minute. The patient is in the scanner for about 90 minutes due to the number of scans requested and because the patient moved requiring certain scans to be repeated. You discover the valve problem when it's time to take the patient back to the ICU and of course the question is is there enough oxygen remaining to support transport back?