Pharmacodynamics: Question Set #1

Anesthesia Pharmacology Chapter 3: General Principles: Pharmacodynamics Practice Questions

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Characteristics of receptors:
1. always proteins
2. mediates effects of neurotransmitters
3. mediates effects of prostaglandins and leukotrienes
4. B & C
5. A, B & C
Associated with nicotinic cholinergic receptor activation:
1. acetylcholine binding
2. activation of ion channel
3. sodium enters the cell (down its concentration and electrical gradient)
4. depolarization (EPSP)
5. all of the above
Longer lasting drug effects:
1. drugs which act at surface receptors, such as beta-adrenergic receptors
2. drugs which act intracellularly through gene transcription
Example of an agent that activates cytokine receptor:
1. isoproterenol
2. norepinephrine
3. growth hormone
4. corticosteroids
5. vitamin D
Example(s) of agents that affect ion conductance -- affecting cellular membrane potentials
1. acetylcholine
2. gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)
3. aspartate
4. glutamate
5. all of the above
Examples of biological second messengers:
1. cAMP
2. calcium
3. phosphoinositide
4. cGMP
5. all the above
Definition: signal transduction:a process by which a drug receptor interaction leads to intracellular effects that modulate cell physiology
1. true
2. false
Example(s) of a receptor which could be classified as a structural protein:
1. Na/K ATPase
2. tubulin
3. both
4. neither
Typically, the magnitude of drug effects are thought proportional to the number of occupied receptors:
1. true
2. false
Competitive inhibition:
1. at high concentrations of agonist, a maximal physiological responds is not possible even in the presence of the antagonist
2. with competitive inhibition, the dose effect curve is shifted to the right
3. is irreversible
4. is produced by antagonists that have the ability to activate receptors
Example(s) of an intracellular receptor:
1. beta-adrenergic receptor
2. muscarinic cholinergic receptor
3. steroid receptor
Major receptor role(s):
1. important for drug action selectivity
2. mediates antagonist effects of drugs
3. mediates agonist effects of drugs
4. A & C
5. A, B & C