Anesthesia Pharmacology: Congestive Heart Failure Practice Questions
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Most CHF patients require chronic administration of a loop diuretic (e.g. furosemide) for maintenance of euvolemia.
True
False
The effectiveness of loop or thiazide diuretics in managing congestive heart failure symptoms and improving exercise capacity is the basis of their ability to reduce CHF mortality.
True
False
Which one of the following loop diuretics is typically not used as a result of increased risk of ototoxicity.
Ethacrynic acid
Bumetanide
Furosemide
Torsemide
Him decompensated CHF patients requiring hospitalization, repetitive IV administered bolus dosing or constant infusion of diuretics may be necessary to provide rapid, reliable diuresis.
True
False
In congestive heart failure, volume expansion leads to increased left ventricular end-diastolic volume. This increase in end-diastolic volume may promote elevated right-heart pressures, pulmonary venous congestion and peripheral edema.
True
False
Which one(s) of the following represent causes of diuretic resistance in the heart failure patient?
Excessive dietary sodium intake
Reduced renal perfusion and glomerular filtration rate due to decline in cardiac output (occurring, for example due to arrhythmias)
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs
Renal pathology including drug-induced interstitial nephritis
Impaired diuretic absorption, secondary to gut wall edema with reduced splanchnic blood perfusion.
A & B
A & C
B & E
A, B, C, D & E
Which one(s) of the following is/are descriptive of acute decompensated heart failure?
Reduced cardiac performance
Renal dysfunction
Changes in vascular compliance
All of the above
This class of drugs remains "central" in pharmacological treatment of congestive heart failure congestive symptoms.
Cardiac glycosides
Diuretics
Calcium channel antagonists
ß-adrenergic receptor blockers
Monotherapy with thiazide diuretics has a prominent role in pharmacological management of congestive heart failure.
True
False
Concerning morbidity and mortality associated with acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF), which one(s) of the following statements is/are correct?
Short-term mortality is about 5-8%.
Long-term mortality is about 20% at the one-year mark