One of the advantages of using organic nitrates in treating vascular ischemia is their ability to "recruit" coronary collaterals.
True
False
Nitric oxide (NO) was previously known as endothelium-derived relaxing factor.
True
False
Pharmacological action(s) of nitroglycerin administration include(s):
Preferential venular versus arteriolar dilation
Venodilation associated with nitroglycerin administration paradoxically increases venous return thus elevating right and left ventricular chamber size.
Following nitroglycerin administration end-diastolic pressures tend to increase slightly without much change in systemic vascular resistance.
A&B
A&C
A,B & C
In smooth muscle, nitrate administration tends to slightly increase cytosolic calcium concentration.
True
False
Associated with percutaneous coronary intervention may be the use of which one(s) of the following?
Aspirin
Warfarin
Thienopyridine
A & B
A, B & C
Tachyphylaxis to nitrate use is sufficiently common in clinical settings to warrant consideration of a nitrate-free time period, perhaps from 8-12 h to 2-3 days.
True
False
Nitroglycerin administration changes in myosin light chain phosphorylation state.
True
False
Nitroglycerin preparation(s) presently available include(s):
Isosorbide dinitrate
Isosorbide-5-mononitrate
Nitroglycerin
C only
A, B & C
Which one(s) of the following statements is/are correct concerning organic nitrate pharmacology?
Nitroglycerin exhibits anti-thrombotic effects.
Nitroglycerin (nitrates generally) likely reduces the frequency of angina.
Nitroglycerin administration increases the time required to identify ischemic ECG changes during treadmill testing.
Nitrate monotherapy does not affect survival or reduce cardiovascular death frequency in chronic coronary artery disease patients.
B & C
A,B & C
A,B,C & D
Organic nitrates used in treating ischemic heart disease symptoms are considered prodrugs.