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Medical Pharmacology:  General Pharmacology:  Second Messengers, Drug Binding, Drug Receptors

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Question # 1 (Multiple Answer) Concerning drug receptor interactions, the constant Kd refers to:

    A) maximal physiological effect
    B) maximal binding
    C) the drug concentration required to occupy 50% of receptors
    D) drug concentration that results in half-maximal physiological response
    E) all of the above

Question # 2 (Multiple Answer) Signal transduction involves G protein coupled receptor systems:

    A) biogenic amines
    B) peptide hormones
    C) eicosanoids

Question # 3 (Multiple Choice) Example(s) of second messenger effect(s):

    A) increases in cAMP intracellular concentration
    B) changes in intracellular calcium concentration
    C) phosphoinositide effects
    D) all the above

Question # 4 (Multiple Choice) EC50 mainly reflexs a drug's:

    A) maximal effect
    B) potency
    C) lethality
    D) ease of elimination
    E) safety

Question # 5 (Multiple Answer) Physiological processes mediated by the intracellular second messenger, cyclic AMP:

    A) carbohydrate breakdown by the liver
    B) decreased heart rate
    C) increased contractility
    D) smooth muscle relaxation
    E) triglyceride breakdown

Question # 6 (True/False) Drug effects are thought to be proportional to the number of occupied receptors

    A) true
    B) false

Question # 7 (Multiple Choice) Nitric oxide mediates this effect on vascular smooth muscle:

    A) smooth muscle relaxation
    B) smooth muscle contraction
    C) no effect

Question # 8 (Multiple Choice) Receptors are usually:

    A) lipids
    B) proteins
    C) DNA

Question # 9 (Multiple Choice) Longer-lasting physiological response to drug:

    A) increase in heart rate following epinephrine infusion
    B) changes in gene product production following corticosteroid injection.

Question # 10 (Multiple Answer) True statement(s) concerning competitive inhibition:

    A) competitive in addition is based on reversible drug/antagonist binding at receptor sites
    B) with competitive inhibition, the dose-effects curve the shifted to the left
    C) with competitive inhibition, maximal drug effect cannot be obtained, even at high agonist concentrations
    D) all the above

Question # 11 (Multiple Answer) Example(s) of endogenous ligands that interact with membrane-integrated ion channels and affect(s) ion conductance.

    A) acetylcholine
    B) GABA
    C) glutamate
    D) aspartate
    E) glycine

Question # 12 (Multiple Answer) Example(s) of (a) receptor(s) which is/are enzyme(s):

    A) dihydrofolate reductase
    B) acetylcholinesterase
    C) monoamine oxidase

Question # 13 (Multiple Choice) Primary mechanism by which cAMP effects are terminated:

    A) enzyme-catalyzed dephosphorylation
    B) reuptake into presynaptic nerve terminals

Question # 14 (Multiple Choice) An example of a receptor which is a structural protein.

    A) Na/K ATPase
    B) acetylcholinesterase
    C) tubulin
    D) DNA
    E) phospholipase C

Question # 15 (Multiple Choice) An example of an agent that exerts much of its effects through intracellular receptors that in complex form binds to DNA response elements:

    A) acetylcholine
    B) dopamine
    C) corticosteroids
    D) diltiazem
    E) atropine

Question # 16 (Multiple Choice) Factors that may cause variation in drug responsiveness:

    A) changes in the number or function of receptors
    B) tachyphylaxis
    C) idiosyncratic drug responses
    D) hypersensitivity reactions
    E) all of the above

Question # 17 (Multiple Answer) Major roles of receptors:

    A) determine rate of drug elimination
    B) determine drug action selectivity
    C) provide a means of blocking drug action as well as mediating drug action
    D) act as drug storage sites

Correct Answers

1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17






































Question # 1 (Multiple Answer) Concerning drug receptor interactions, the constant Kd refers to:

(C) the drug concentration required to occupy 50% of receptors

(D) drug concentration that results in half-maximal physiological response

BACK







































Question # 2 (Multiple Answer) Signal transduction involves G protein coupled receptor systems:

(A) biogenic amines

(B) peptide hormones

(C) eicosanoids

BACK







































Question # 3 (Multiple Choice) Example(s) of second messenger effect(s):

Answer: (D) all the above

BACK







































Question # 4 (Multiple Choice) EC50 mainly reflexs a drug's:

Answer: (B) potency

BACK







































Question # 5 (Multiple Answer) Physiological processes mediated by the intracellular second messenger, cyclic AMP:

(A) carbohydrate breakdown by the liver

(C) increased contractility

(D) smooth muscle relaxation

(E) triglyceride breakdown

BACK







































Question # 6 (True/False) Drug effects are thought to be proportional to the number of occupied receptors

Answer: True

BACK







































Question # 7 (Multiple Choice) Nitric oxide mediates this effect on vascular smooth muscle:

Answer: (A) smooth muscle relaxation

BACK







































Question # 8 (Multiple Choice) Receptors are usually:

Answer: (B) proteins

most commonly proteins; DNA may serve as a receptor for certain agents-- such as certain anticancer drugs BACK







































Question # 9 (Multiple Choice) Longer-lasting physiological response to drug:

Answer: (B) changes in gene product production following corticosteroid injection.

BACK







































Question # 10 (Multiple Answer) True statement(s) concerning competitive inhibition:

(A) competitive in addition is based on reversible drug/antagonist binding at receptor sites

BACK







































Question # 11 (Multiple Answer) Example(s) of endogenous ligands that interact with membrane-integrated ion channels and affect(s) ion conductance.

(A) acetylcholine

(B) GABA

(C) glutamate

(D) aspartate

(E) glycine

BACK







































Question # 12 (Multiple Answer) Example(s) of (a) receptor(s) which is/are enzyme(s):

(A) dihydrofolate reductase

(B) acetylcholinesterase

(C) monoamine oxidase

BACK







































Question # 13 (Multiple Choice) Primary mechanism by which cAMP effects are terminated:

Answer: (A) enzyme-catalyzed dephosphorylation

BACK







































Question # 14 (Multiple Choice) An example of a receptor which is a structural protein.

Answer: (C) tubulin

BACK







































Question # 15 (Multiple Choice) An example of an agent that exerts much of its effects through intracellular receptors that in complex form binds to DNA response elements:

Answer: (C) corticosteroids

BACK







































Question # 16 (Multiple Choice) Factors that may cause variation in drug responsiveness:

Answer: (E) all of the above

BACK







































Question # 17 (Multiple Answer) Major roles of receptors:

(B) determine drug action selectivity

(C) provide a means of blocking drug action as well as mediating drug action

BACK